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Question 1:

What is the purpose of randomization in experimental design?

A) To ensure all participants have the same characteristics.
B) To assign participants to different groups based on their characteristics.
C) To eliminate any biases or confounding variables.
D) To increase the generalizability of the results.

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) To eliminate any biases or confounding variables. Randomization is a technique used in experimental design to randomly assign participants to different experimental conditions or groups. The purpose of randomization is to ensure that any differences observed between the groups are due to the treatment being tested and not to other factors or characteristics of the participants.

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Question 2:

What is the purpose of replication in experimental design?

A) To ensure the experiment is conducted multiple times.
B) To increase the sample size and reduce variability.
C) To eliminate any biases or confounding variables.
D) To increase the generalizability of the results.

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Explanation: The correct answer is B) To increase the sample size and reduce variability. Replication in experimental design involves conducting the experiment multiple times with different participants or samples. The purpose of replication is to increase the sample size, which provides more robust and reliable results. It also helps reduce the variability and determine if the observed effects are consistent across different instances of the experiment.

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Question 3:

Which of the following is true about randomization in experimental design?

A) Randomization guarantees equal distribution of participants across groups.
B) Randomization eliminates the need for control groups.
C) Randomization ensures that participants have similar characteristics.
D) Randomization reduces the need for replication.

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Randomization guarantees equal distribution of participants across groups. Randomization in experimental design helps ensure that participants have an equal chance of being assigned to each experimental condition or group. It helps minimize the influence of confounding variables by distributing potential biases randomly, leading to comparable groups with similar characteristics at the start of the experiment.

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Question 4:

Which of the following is true about replication in experimental design?

A) Replication guarantees identical results across all repetitions.
B) Replication eliminates the need for randomization.
C) Replication ensures that participants have similar characteristics.
D) Replication increases the reliability of the results.

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Explanation: The correct answer is D) Replication increases the reliability of the results. Replication in experimental design involves conducting the experiment multiple times with different participants or samples. It helps increase the reliability of the results by providing an opportunity to observe the consistency of the effects across different instances of the experiment. Replication helps establish the robustness and generalizability of the findings.

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Question 5:

Which of the following is an example of randomization in experimental design?

A) Assigning participants to groups based on their age.
B) Assigning participants to groups alphabetically.
C) Assigning participants to groups using a random number generator.
D) Assigning participants to groups based on their preferences.

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) Assigning participants to groups using a random number generator. Randomization in experimental design involves randomly assigning participants to different experimental conditions or groups. This random assignment can be achieved using various methods, such as a random number generator, to ensure that participants have an equal chance of being assigned to each group. This helps minimize potential biases and confounding variables.