Question 1:
What is the primary source of energy for Earth's climate system?
Explanation: The correct answer is A) Solar radiation. Solar radiation from the Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth's climate system. The Sun emits electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, which is absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, surface, and oceans, driving weather patterns, ocean currents, and the Earth's energy balance.
Question 2:
Which component of Earth's energy budget describes the energy that is reflected back into space?
Explanation: The correct answer is D) Albedo. Albedo refers to the fraction of solar radiation that is reflected back into space by Earth's atmosphere, clouds, and surface. It is an important component of Earth's energy budget as it determines how much incoming solar radiation is absorbed or reflected by the planet.
Question 3:
Which process transfers heat energy from Earth's surface to the atmosphere through direct contact?
Explanation: The correct answer is A) Conduction. Conduction is the process by which heat energy is transferred from Earth's surface to the atmosphere through direct contact. It occurs when two objects at different temperatures come into contact, and heat energy flows from the warmer object to the cooler object.
Question 4:
Which component of Earth's energy budget accounts for the energy exchanged between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere through the emission of infrared radiation?
Explanation: The correct answer is B) Outgoing longwave radiation. Outgoing longwave radiation refers to the energy emitted by Earth's surface and atmosphere in the form of infrared radiation. It is a result of the Earth's surface being heated by absorbed solar radiation and then re-radiating that energy back into space.
Question 5:
Which component of Earth's energy budget accounts for the transfer of heat energy through the movement of air or water?
Explanation: The correct answer is B) Convection. Convection is the transfer of heat energy through the movement of air or water. It involves the circulation of fluid (such as warm air or ocean currents) due to differences in temperature and density. Convection plays a crucial role in redistributing heat energy within Earth's atmosphere and oceans.
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