Question 1:

Which of the following is NOT a step in the viral replication cycle?

Explanation: Integration is not a step in the viral replication cycle. After entering the host cell, some viruses can integrate their genetic material into the host's genome, but this step is not common to all viruses. Therefore, option C is correct.

Question 2:

Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of viral proteins during replication?

Explanation: Host ribosomes are responsible for the synthesis of viral proteins during replication. Once inside the host cell, the viral genome hijacks the host's cellular machinery, including ribosomes, to produce viral proteins. Therefore, option D is correct.

Question 3:

What is the general mechanism of viral entry into host cells?

Explanation: The general mechanism of viral entry into host cells can involve either endocytosis or fusion. Endocytosis is the process by which the host cell engulfs the virus into a membrane-bound vesicle, while fusion involves the direct merging of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. Therefore, options B and C are correct.

Question 4:

What is the primary target of antiviral drugs?

Explanation: The primary target of antiviral drugs is often the viral genome or specific viral enzymes involved in viral replication. Antiviral drugs aim to inhibit viral replication without harming the host cells. Therefore, option C is correct.

Question 5:

What is the role of viral receptors during viral infection?

Explanation: Viral receptors on the surface of host cells facilitate viral entry into the cells. These receptors serve as attachment sites for viral proteins, allowing the virus to recognize and bind to the host cell, initiating the infection process. Therefore, option A is correct.