Question 1:

What is the purpose of geologic mapping?

Explanation: Geologic mapping involves identifying and recording different rock types, determining their age, and interpreting the geological history of an area. Therefore, the correct answer is D) All of the above.

Question 2:

What does stratigraphy primarily study?

Explanation: Stratigraphy primarily focuses on the study of rock layers, their composition, arrangement, and the relationships between them. Therefore, the correct answer is B) Rock layers and their relationships.

Question 3:

What does the principle of superposition state?

Explanation: The principle of superposition states that in an undisturbed sequence of rock layers, the younger rocks are found on top of older rocks. Therefore, the correct answer is A) Younger rocks are always found on top of older rocks.

Question 4:

What is a geologic cross-section?

Explanation: A geologic cross-section is a drawing or diagram that represents a vertical slice through the subsurface, showing the arrangement of rock layers, their relationships, and structures. Therefore, the correct answer is B) A drawing that shows a vertical slice through the subsurface.

Question 5:

What is a key characteristic of an index fossil?

Explanation: An index fossil is a fossil that is found in a narrow range of geologic time and has a wide geographic distribution. It is used to identify and correlate rock layers in different locations. Therefore, the correct answer is A) It is found in a wide geographic range.