Question 1:

What is the process by which a nerve impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another?

Explanation: The process by which a nerve impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another is called synaptic transmission. It involves the release, diffusion, and binding of neurotransmitters between the synaptic cleft of one neuron and the receptors of another.

Question 2:

Which of the following is NOT a type of neurotransmitter?

Explanation: Insulin is not a neurotransmitter. It is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Acetylcholine, dopamine, and serotonin are examples of neurotransmitters that play important roles in synaptic transmission.

Question 3:

Where are neurotransmitters stored within a neuron?

Explanation: Neurotransmitters are stored within synaptic vesicles. Synaptic vesicles are small sacs located in the axon terminals of a neuron. When an action potential reaches the axon terminals, these vesicles release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.

Question 4:

What is the small gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another neuron called?

Explanation: The small gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another neuron is called the synaptic cleft. It is the space where neurotransmitters are released and bind to receptors, allowing for the transmission of signals between neurons.

Question 5:

What happens to excess neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft after a signal transmission?

Explanation: Excess neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft are typically reabsorbed by the axon terminal through a process called reuptake. This allows for recycling and regulation of neurotransmitter levels. Some neurotransmitters may also be broken down by enzymes to terminate their actions.