Question 1:

Which hormone deficiency leads to the development of Type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Explanation: The development of Type 1 diabetes mellitus is primarily caused by a deficiency of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. Insulin is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels, and its deficiency leads to elevated blood sugar levels and the development of diabetes.

Question 2:

Which endocrine disorder is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland?

Explanation: Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland that produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones. This can lead to symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and nervousness.

Question 3:

Which hormone deficiency results in the development of growth retardation and short stature in children?

Explanation: Growth retardation and short stature in children are often caused by a deficiency of growth hormone, which is produced by the pituitary gland. Growth hormone plays a crucial role in promoting growth and development during childhood and adolescence.

Question 4:

Which endocrine disorder is characterized by insufficient production of cortisol by the adrenal glands?

Explanation: Addison's disease is characterized by insufficient production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Cortisol is an important hormone involved in regulating various body functions, including metabolism and stress response.

Question 5:

Which endocrine disorder is caused by excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal glands?

Explanation: Cushing's syndrome is caused by excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. This can result in symptoms such as weight gain, high blood pressure, and changes in appearance, including a round face and a buffalo hump.