Question 1:

What are the DNA sequences that control the initiation of transcription called?

Explanation: D) Promoters are the DNA sequences that control the initiation of transcription. They provide binding sites for transcription factors and RNA polymerase to assemble and initiate transcription.

Question 2:

Which proteins bind to enhancers to increase transcriptional activity?

Explanation: A) Transcription factors bind to enhancers to increase transcriptional activity. They interact with other proteins and the transcriptional machinery to enhance the recruitment and activity of RNA polymerase.

Question 3:

What is the term for the specific DNA sequence to which a transcription factor binds?

Explanation: D) Binding sites are the specific DNA sequences to which transcription factors bind. These binding sites can be located in promoters, enhancers, or other regulatory regions of the genome.

Question 4:

Which of the following is NOT a type of transcription factor?

Explanation: C) RNA polymerases are not considered transcription factors. They are the enzymes responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of RNA during transcription. Transcription factors interact with RNA polymerase and other components of the transcriptional machinery.

Question 5:

Which of the following can regulate gene expression by binding to the operator sequences?

Explanation: B) Repressors can regulate gene expression by binding to the operator sequences. By binding to operators, repressors prevent the binding of activators or RNA polymerase, thus inhibiting transcription.