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Question 1:

Which of the following statements is true about the role of exercise in energy balance and metabolism?

A) Exercise decreases metabolism.
B) Exercise has no effect on energy balance.
C) Exercise increases metabolism.
D) Exercise only affects energy balance in sedentary individuals.

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) Exercise increases metabolism. Regular physical activity, such as exercise, can boost metabolism by increasing the energy expenditure of the body. This can contribute to energy balance and help maintain a healthy weight.

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Question 2:

Which of the following is an effect of regular exercise on metabolism?

A) Decreased fat burning.
B) Increased insulin resistance.
C) Decreased metabolic rate.
D) Increased calorie expenditure.

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Explanation: The correct answer is D) Increased calorie expenditure. Regular exercise can increase the calorie expenditure of the body, which can help with weight management. It can also improve insulin sensitivity and promote fat burning, contrary to the other options listed.

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Question 3:

What is the primary source of fuel during moderate-intensity exercise?

A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Fats
D) Minerals

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Carbohydrates. During moderate-intensity exercise, the body primarily uses carbohydrates as the main source of fuel. This is because carbohydrates can be quickly broken down into glucose, which provides readily available energy for the muscles.

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Question 4:

What is the term for the amount of energy required to maintain basic physiological functions at rest?

A) Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
B) Active metabolic rate (AMR)
C) Resting metabolic rate (RMR)
D) Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE)

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Basal metabolic rate (BMR). Basal metabolic rate refers to the amount of energy needed to maintain basic physiological functions, such as breathing, circulating blood, and regulating body temperature, at rest. It accounts for the majority of energy expenditure in the body.

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Question 5:

Which type of exercise is most effective for improving cardiovascular fitness?

A) Resistance training
B) Flexibility exercises
C) High-intensity interval training (HIIT)
D) Low-intensity steady-state cardio

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) High-intensity interval training (HIIT). HIIT involves alternating short bursts of intense exercise with periods of active recovery. It has been found to be highly effective in improving cardiovascular fitness, as it challenges the heart and lungs by elevating heart rate and oxygen consumption.