Question 1:

What is the main factor that determines the formation of a black hole?

Explanation: The main factor that determines the formation of a black hole is the excessive mass. When a massive star runs out of fuel and collapses under its own gravity, it can form a black hole. The mass of the collapsing star is compressed into a region of space with an extremely strong gravitational field, creating a black hole. Therefore, the correct answer is D) Excessive mass.

Question 2:

What is the event horizon of a black hole?

Explanation: The event horizon of a black hole is the outer boundary beyond which nothing, not even light, can escape the gravitational pull of the black hole. It is the point of no return. Inside the event horizon lies the region where matter is crushed to infinity, known as the singularity. Therefore, the correct answer is B) The outer boundary of a black hole.

Question 3:

What is a stellar-mass black hole?

Explanation: A stellar-mass black hole is a black hole formed from the remnants of a massive star. When a massive star exhausts its nuclear fuel, it undergoes a supernova explosion, leaving behind a compact core. If the core's mass exceeds a certain threshold (known as the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit), it collapses under its own gravity, forming a stellar-mass black hole. Therefore, the correct answer is A) A black hole formed from the remnants of a massive star.

Question 4:

What is a supermassive black hole?

Explanation: A supermassive black hole is a black hole with an extremely large mass, typically millions or billions of times the mass of our Sun. Supermassive black holes are thought to exist at the centers of most galaxies, including our Milky Way. Their exact formation mechanism is still under investigation, but they likely grow through the accretion of mass and mergers with other black holes. Therefore, the correct answer is A) A black hole with an extremely large mass.

Question 5:

Which type of black hole is formed by the gravitational collapse of a massive star?

Explanation: The gravitational collapse of a massive star leads to the formation of a stellar-mass black hole. When a massive star exhausts its nuclear fuel, it can no longer support itself against gravity, causing it to collapse. If the remaining core mass exceeds the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit, the core collapses into a black hole. Stellar-mass black holes typically have masses ranging from a few times to tens of times the mass of our Sun. Therefore, the correct answer is C) Stellar-mass black hole.