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Question 1:

Which of the following is a colligative property of a solution?

A) Color
B) Density
C) Boiling point elevation
D) Viscosity

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) Boiling point elevation. Colligative properties of a solution depend on the number of solute particles present and not on the identity of the solute particles. Boiling point elevation is one of the colligative properties and refers to the increase in the boiling point of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is added to it.

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Question 2:

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the colligative properties of a solution?

A) Nature of the solute
B) Nature of the solvent
C) Concentration of the solute
D) Volume of the solvent

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Explanation: The correct answer is D) Volume of the solvent. Colligative properties of a solution are dependent on the number of solute particles and not on the volume of the solvent. The nature of the solute, nature of the solvent, and concentration of the solute all affect the colligative properties.

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Question 3:

Which colligative property is used to determine the molar mass of an unknown solute?

A) Freezing point depression
B) Osmotic pressure
C) Vapor pressure lowering
D) Boiling point elevation

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Freezing point depression. Freezing point depression is a colligative property that refers to the lowering of the freezing point of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is added to it. By measuring the extent of freezing point depression, the molar mass of an unknown solute can be determined using the equation ΔTf = Kf · m · i, where ΔTf is the change in freezing point, Kf is the cryoscopic constant, m is the molality of the solution, and i is the van't Hoff factor.

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Question 4:

Which colligative property is associated with the phenomenon of osmosis?

A) Freezing point depression
B) Osmotic pressure
C) Vapor pressure lowering
D) Boiling point elevation

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Explanation: The correct answer is B) Osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property that refers to the pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. Osmosis is the process by which solvent molecules move across a semi-permeable membrane to equalize the solute concentrations on both sides.

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Question 5:

Which colligative property is used to explain the antifreeze properties of solutions?

A) Freezing point depression
B) Osmotic pressure
C) Vapor pressure lowering
D) Boiling point elevation

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Freezing point depression. Freezing point depression is a colligative property that is used to explain the antifreeze properties of solutions. By adding a solute to a solvent, the freezing point of the solution is lowered. This property is utilized inantifreeze solutions, which are commonly used in automobile cooling systems to prevent the engine coolant from freezing at low temperatures. The addition of a solute lowers the freezing point of the solution, allowing the coolant to remain in a liquid state even at colder temperatures.