Question 1:

Which genetic testing method can detect chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, during pregnancy?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Microarray analysis
D) Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT)

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Explanation: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is a genetic testing method that can detect chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, during pregnancy. It analyzes cell-free fetal DNA circulating in the mother's blood to identify any potential genetic disorders in the fetus.

Question 2:

Which genetic testing method involves the extraction of a small sample of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Amniocentesis
D) Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT)

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Explanation: Amniocentesis is a genetic testing method that involves the extraction of a small sample of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. This fluid contains fetal cells that can be analyzed to detect genetic abnormalities and provide information about the baby's health and development.

Question 3:

Which genetic testing method uses ultrasound imaging to guide the collection of a small tissue sample from the placenta?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
C) Microarray analysis
D) Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT)

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Explanation: Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a genetic testing method that uses ultrasound imaging to guide the collection of a small tissue sample from the placenta. This sample contains genetic material from the fetus and can be analyzed for various genetic conditions and abnormalities.

Question 4:

Which genetic testing method can provide information about the baby's genetic makeup as early as 9 weeks into pregnancy?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT)
D) Cloning

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Explanation: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) can provide information about the baby's genetic makeup as early as 9 weeks into pregnancy. It involves analyzing the cell-free fetal DNA present in the mother's blood to screen for chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders.

Question 5:

Which genetic testing method carries a higher risk of miscarriage compared to other prenatal testing methods?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Amniocentesis
D) Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

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Explanation: Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) carries a higher risk of miscarriage compared to other prenatal testing methods. This invasive procedure involves collecting a small tissue sample from the placenta and carries a slight risk of complications, including miscarriage.