Question 1:

Which genetic testing technology analyzes the entire genome?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Microarray analysis
D) Next-generation sequencing (NGS)

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Explanation: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a genetic testing technology that allows the analysis of the entire genome. It enables the sequencing of multiple DNA fragments simultaneously, providing comprehensive information about an individual's genetic makeup.

Question 2:

Which genetic testing technology is commonly used for detecting specific genetic variations or mutations?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Microarray analysis
D) Next-generation sequencing (NGS)

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Explanation: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a genetic testing technology commonly used for detecting specific genetic variations or mutations. It amplifies targeted DNA regions, allowing for the identification of specific sequences or mutations of interest.

Question 3:

Which genetic testing technology is used to detect large-scale chromosomal abnormalities?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Microarray analysis
D) Next-generation sequencing (NGS)

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Explanation: Microarray analysis is a genetic testing technology used to detect large-scale chromosomal abnormalities. It involves comparing the intensity of fluorescent signals to identify gains, losses, or rearrangements of DNA segments across the genome.

Question 4:

Which genetic testing technology was commonly used before the advent of next-generation sequencing?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Microarray analysis
D) Cloning

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Explanation: Sanger sequencing was commonly used before the advent of next-generation sequencing. It involves the sequencing of individual DNA fragments and was instrumental in the Human Genome Project.

Question 5:

Which genetic testing technology allows the analysis of gene expression and activity levels?

A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B) Sanger sequencing
C) Microarray analysis
D) Western blotting

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Explanation: Microarray analysis allows the analysis of gene expression and activity levels. It involves the hybridization of labeled DNA or RNA probes to a microarray slide containing thousands of known DNA sequences, allowing the measurement of gene expression levels.