Question 1:
Which of Mendel's laws states that the alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during gamete formation?
Explanation: C) Law of Independent Assortment states that the alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during gamete formation. This means that the inheritance of one gene does not influence the inheritance of another gene.
Question 2:
According to Mendel's Law of Segregation, which of the following is true for a diploid organism?
Explanation: B) The Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for each gene separate during gamete formation. As a result, each gamete carries only one allele for each gene, and the offspring inherit one allele from each parent.
Question 3:
Which of the following statements is consistent with Mendel's Law of Dominance?
Explanation: C) The Law of Dominance states that one allele masks or suppresses the expression of another allele. In a heterozygous individual, the dominant allele determines the phenotype, while the recessive allele remains hidden.
Question 4:
If a pea plant with the genotype "Tt" (where "T" represents the dominant allele for tallness and "t" represents the recessive allele for shortness) is crossed with a pea plant that is homozygous recessive for shortness (tt), what will be the phenotype of the offspring?
Explanation: C) Half of the offspring will be short, and half will be tall. When a heterozygous individual (Tt) is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual (tt), the offspring have a 50% chance of inheriting the dominant allele and being tall, and a 50% chance of inheriting the recessive allele and being short.
Question 5:
Which of the following laws states that alleles separate independently during gamete formation only if they are located on different chromosomes?
Explanation: A) The Law of Independent Assortment states that alleles separate independently during gamete formation only if they are located on different chromosomes. Genes located on the same chromosome are often inherited together, a phenomenon known as genetic linkage.