Question 1:
Which technique is commonly used to identify and quantify small molecules in complex biological samples?
Explanation: The correct answer is B) Mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry is commonly used in metabolomics and lipidomics analysis to identify and quantify small molecules in complex biological samples. Metabolites and lipids are ionized and analyzed based on their mass-to-charge ratio, allowing for their identification and relative abundance measurement.
Question 2:
Which technique is commonly used to separate and analyze metabolites based on their hydrophobicity?
Explanation: The correct answer is C) High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC is commonly used in metabolomics and lipidomics analysis to separate and analyze metabolites based on their hydrophobicity. Different HPLC columns and mobile phase compositions can be employed to achieve specific separation of target metabolites, allowing for their identification and quantification.
Question 3:
Which technique is commonly used to analyze the lipid composition of biological samples?
Explanation: The correct answer is B) Mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry is commonly used to analyze the lipid composition of biological samples in lipidomics analysis. By ionizing lipids and analyzing their mass spectra, specific lipid species can be identified and quantified, providing insights into lipid metabolism and cellular processes.
Question 4:
Which technique allows for the comprehensive analysis of metabolites in a sample without prior knowledge of their identities?
Explanation: The correct answer is D) Untargeted metabolomics. Untargeted metabolomics allows for the comprehensive analysis of metabolites in a sample without prior knowledge of their identities. This approach involves analyzing the complete metabolome of a sample using techniques such as mass spectrometry or NMR spectroscopy. The obtained data can then be compared against metabolite databases to identify known metabolites and discover novel ones.
Question 5:
Which technique is commonly used to study metabolic pathways and fluxes in biological systems?
Explanation: The correct answer is B) Stable isotope labeling. Stable isotope labeling techniques, such as stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) or stable isotope labeling of metabolites (SILAM), are commonly used to study metabolic pathways and fluxes in biological systems. By incorporating stable isotopes into metabolites or proteins and analyzing their distribution using mass spectrometry, metabolic pathways and their regulation can be investigated.
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