Question 1:

Which disorder is characterized by the degeneration of nerve cells in the brain, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline?

Explanation: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the degeneration of nerve cells in the brain, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia.

Question 2:

Which condition is characterized by chronic pain originating from nerves, often accompanied by tingling or numbness?

Explanation: Neuropathy is a condition characterized by chronic pain originating from nerves. It often presents with symptoms such as tingling or numbness. Various underlying causes can lead to neuropathy, such as diabetes, vitamin deficiencies, or nerve damage.

Question 3:

Which disease is caused by the abnormal production and accumulation of misfolded proteins in the brain, leading to involuntary movements and coordination problems?

Explanation: Huntington's disease is caused by the abnormal production and accumulation of misfolded proteins in the brain. It leads to progressive degeneration of nerve cells, primarily in the basal ganglia, resulting in involuntary movements (chorea), cognitive decline, and coordination problems.

Question 4:

Which disorder is characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain?

Explanation: Epilepsy is a disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. It is caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Seizures can vary in intensity and may manifest as convulsions, loss of consciousness, or unusual sensations.

Question 5:

Which disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the myelin sheath of nerve fibers in the central nervous system?

Explanation: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder that affects the myelin sheath of nerve fibers in the central nervous system. The immune system mistakenly attacks and damages the myelin, leading to disrupted nerve signals and a range of neurological symptoms.