Question 1:

Which of the following polymerization reactions involves the repeated addition of monomers without the formation of any byproduct?

Explanation: Addition polymerization involves the repeated addition of monomers, typically unsaturated monomers, without the formation of any byproduct. This process occurs through the breaking of double or triple bonds between monomer units to form a long polymer chain.

Question 2:

Which polymerization reaction involves the elimination of small molecules, such as water or alcohol, as a byproduct?

Explanation: Condensation polymerization involves the elimination of small molecules, such as water or alcohol, as a byproduct during the polymerization process. This reaction occurs between two or more monomers with functional groups that can react and form covalent bonds.

Question 3:

Which type of polymerization reaction requires the presence of an initiator or catalyst?

Explanation: Addition polymerization typically requires the presence of an initiator or catalyst, which initiates the reaction and facilitates the addition of monomers. This initiator or catalyst can be a free radical, a transition metal complex, or other substances that promote the polymerization process.

Question 4:

Which polymerization reaction is commonly used for the production of polyethylene and polypropylene?

Explanation: Addition polymerization is commonly used for the production of polyethylene and polypropylene, two widely used thermoplastics. In this process, monomers with unsaturated bonds, such as ethylene or propylene, are added repeatedly to form long polymer chains without the generation of any byproduct.

Question 5:

Which polymerization reaction is typically accompanied by the release of a small molecule, such as water or methanol, as a byproduct?

Explanation: Condensation polymerization is typically accompanied by the release of a small molecule, such as water or methanol, as a byproduct. This occurs as functional groups from different monomers react and form covalent bonds, resulting in the formation of the polymer and the elimination of the byproduct.