Question 1:

Which of the following is the primary function of the kidneys?

Explanation: The primary function of the kidneys is A) Filtration of blood. The kidneys filter waste products and excess water from the bloodstream to produce urine.

Question 2:

Which of the following is the functional unit of the kidney?

Explanation: The functional unit of the kidney is A) Nephron. Each kidney contains thousands of nephrons, which are responsible for the filtration and reabsorption of substances in the blood.

Question 3:

Which part of the kidney is responsible for filtering blood?

Explanation: The part of the kidney responsible for filtering blood is A) Glomerulus. The glomerulus is a network of capillaries where blood filtration occurs.

Question 4:

Where does the reabsorption of water and nutrients occur in the kidney?

Explanation: The reabsorption of water and nutrients occurs in A) Proximal tubule. The proximal tubule is responsible for reabsorbing water, glucose, amino acids, and other essential substances from the filtrate back into the bloodstream.

Question 5:

What is the role of the kidneys in maintaining electrolyte balance?

Explanation: The role of the kidneys in maintaining electrolyte balance is A) Regulation of sodium and potassium levels. The kidneys help regulate the levels of sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes in the body through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion processes.