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Question 1:

What is the Kyoto Protocol?

A) An international agreement to promote renewable energy
B) A global treaty to combat deforestation
C) A protocol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
D) A climate research initiative

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) A protocol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that was adopted in 1997 and entered into force in 2005. Its primary goal is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change. The Protocol sets binding emission reduction targets for developed countries and establishes mechanisms for trading emission credits and supporting sustainable development in developing countries.

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Question 2:

When was the Kyoto Protocol adopted?

A) 1985
B) 1992
C) 1997
D) 2005

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) 1997. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in December 1997 during the third session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 3) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Protocol was negotiated as an extension of the UNFCCC with the specific aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

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Question 3:

Which country did not ratify the Kyoto Protocol?

A) United States
B) Canada
C) Japan
D) Germany

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) United States. The United States did not ratify the Kyoto Protocol. Although it signed the Protocol in 1998, it did not proceed with the ratification process. The Protocol became legally binding for those countries that ratified it and met their emission reduction targets.

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Question 4:

What is the commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol?

A) 5 years
B) 10 years
C) 15 years
D) 20 years

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Explanation: The correct answer is B) 10 years. The commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol is 10 years. The first commitment period was from 2008 to 2012. During this period, developed countries that ratified the Protocol were legally bound to meet their emission reduction targets. Subsequent commitment periods have been discussed and negotiated in international climate negotiations.

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Question 5:

What is the role of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the Kyoto Protocol?

A) To support renewable energy projects in developing countries
B) To monitor greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries
C) To promote international climate research
D) To enforce emission reduction targets for all countries

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) To support renewable energy projects in developing countries. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a mechanism established under the Kyoto Protocol to promote sustainable development and help developed countries meet their emission reduction targets. It allows developed countries to invest in emission reduction projects in developing countries and earn Certified Emission Reduction (CER) credits. The CDM encourages the transfer of climate-friendly technologies, promotes renewable energy projects, and supports sustainable development in developing countries.