Question 1:
Which of the following pairs of atoms would form a nonpolar covalent bond?
Explanation: A nonpolar covalent bond occurs when the electronegativity difference between two atoms is very small or negligible. In this case, the pair of atoms H and Cl would form a nonpolar covalent bond because they have a small electronegativity difference.
Question 2:
Which of the following pairs of atoms would form a polar covalent bond?
Explanation: A polar covalent bond occurs when there is an electronegativity difference between two atoms. In this case, the pair of atoms O and F would form a polar covalent bond because oxygen (O) is more electronegative than fluorine (F), creating a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and a partial positive charge on the fluorine atom.
Question 3:
Which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity?
Explanation: Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Among the given elements, oxygen (O) has the highest electronegativity.
Question 4:
Which of the following bonds is most likely to be ionic?
Explanation: Ionic bonds occur between a metal and a nonmetal. In this case, the bond between calcium (Ca) and chlorine (Cl) is most likely to be ionic since calcium is a metal and chlorine is a nonmetal.
Question 5:
Which of the following molecules has a nonpolar bond?
Explanation: A nonpolar bond occurs when the electronegativity difference between two atoms is very small or negligible. In this case, the molecule CO2 has a nonpolar bond because the two oxygen atoms have the same electronegativity, resulting in equal sharing of electrons.