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Question 1:

According to the Arrhenius theory, an acid is a substance that dissociates in water to produce:

A) Hydroxide ions (OH-)
B) Hydrogen ions (H+)
C) Ammonium ions (NH4+)
D) Carbonate ions (CO3^2-)

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Explanation: The correct answer is B) Hydrogen ions (H+). According to the Arrhenius theory, an acid is a substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+). This theory defines acids as proton donors.

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Question 2:

According to the Arrhenius theory, a base is a substance that dissociates in water to produce:

A) Hydroxide ions (OH-)
B) Hydrogen ions (H+)
C) Ammonium ions (NH4+)
D) Carbonate ions (CO3^2-)

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Hydroxide ions (OH-). According to the Arrhenius theory, a base is a substance that dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH-). This theory defines bases as hydroxide ion donors.

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Question 3:

According to the Arrhenius theory, a neutralization reaction occurs when:

A) An acid reacts with a base to form water and a salt
B) An acid reacts with a metal to produce hydrogen gas
C) A base reacts with an oxide to form a hydroxide
D) An acid reacts with an acid to form a conjugate base

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) An acid reacts with a base to form water and a salt. According to the Arrhenius theory, a neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to form water and a salt. In this reaction, the hydrogen ions from the acid combine with the hydroxide ions from the base to form water, while the remaining ions combine to form a salt.

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Question 4:

According to the Arrhenius theory, an acid and a base react to form:

A) Hydrogen gas (H2)
B) Oxygen gas (O2)
C) Water (H2O)
D) Carbon dioxide (CO2)

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) Water (H2O). According to the Arrhenius theory, an acid and a base react to form water (H2O). In a neutralization reaction, the hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid combine with the hydroxide ions (OH-) from the base to form water.

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Question 5:

According to the Arrhenius theory, the pH scale measures:

A) The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)
B) The concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-)
C) The concentration of both hydrogen and hydroxide ions
D) The concentration of water molecules

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution. It is a logarithmic scale that ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 beingneutral, values less than 7 indicating acidity, and values greater than 7 indicating alkalinity or basicity.