Question 1:

What is bioremediation?

Explanation: Bioremediation is the use of microorganisms to remove pollutants from the environment. Microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, can break down or transform toxic substances into less harmful forms, aiding in the cleanup of contaminated sites. Therefore, option B is correct.

Question 2:

Which of the following pollutants can be targeted by bioremediation?

Explanation: Bioremediation can target various pollutants, including heavy metals, pesticides, and oil and petroleum products. Different microorganisms are capable of degrading different types of pollutants, making bioremediation a versatile approach for environmental cleanup. Therefore, option D is correct.

Question 3:

What is phytoremediation?

Explanation: Phytoremediation is the use of plants to remove pollutants from the environment. Certain plant species have the ability to accumulate or degrade contaminants in their tissues, making them useful for cleaning up soil, water, and air. Therefore, option B is correct.

Question 4:

Which type of bioremediation uses oxygen to enhance microbial activity in contaminated sites?

Explanation: Aerobic bioremediation uses oxygen to enhance microbial activity in contaminated sites. By providing oxygen to the microorganisms, their metabolic activity increases, allowing them to more efficiently degrade pollutants. Therefore, option B is correct.

Question 5:

What is the advantage of using bioremediation over traditional cleanup methods?

Explanation: Bioremediation offers several advantages over traditional cleanup methods, including lower cost, environmental friendliness, and a targeted approach. It harnesses natural processes and reduces the need for harsh chemicals or extensive excavation, making it a sustainable and effective solution for environmental restoration. Therefore, option D is correct.