Question 1:

What is CRISPR-Cas9?

Explanation: CRISPR-Cas9 is a gene editing tool that allows precise modification of DNA sequences. It is derived from a natural defense mechanism found in bacteria and has revolutionized the field of genetic engineering. Therefore, option C is correct.

Question 2:

What is the function of CRISPR in gene editing?

Explanation: The function of CRISPR in gene editing is to cut DNA at specific locations. CRISPR consists of short, repetitive DNA sequences that guide the Cas9 enzyme to the target site, enabling precise DNA cleavage. Therefore, option A is correct.

Question 3:

What is the role of Cas9 in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing?

Explanation: The role of Cas9 in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is to cut DNA at specific locations. Cas9 is an endonuclease enzyme that is guided by the CRISPR RNA to the target site and creates double-strand breaks in the DNA. Therefore, option D is correct.

Question 4:

What is the potential application of CRISPR-Cas9 in medicine?

Explanation: The potential application of CRISPR-Cas9 in medicine is to develop targeted therapies. CRISPR-Cas9 enables precise editing of disease-causing genes, offering the potential for targeted treatments for genetic disorders and other diseases. Therefore, option B is correct.

Question 5:

What are off-target effects in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing?

Explanation: Off-target effects in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing refer to unexpected changes in unrelated genes. Despite the specificity of CRISPR-Cas9, there is a possibility of unintended modifications in DNA sequences other than the target site. This highlights the importance of minimizing off-target effects in gene editing experiments. Therefore, option B is correct.