Question 1:
Which of the following sampling techniques is used to collect data on plant species diversity in a specific area?
Explanation: The correct answer is A) Quadrat sampling. Quadrat sampling is a commonly used technique to estimate plant species diversity in a specific area. It involves placing a quadrat (a defined square or rectangular frame) on the ground and counting the number of plant species within the quadrat. This method provides an efficient and systematic way to sample plant diversity and measure species abundance.
Question 2:
Which of the following sampling techniques is used to study the distribution of bird species along a specific line?
Explanation: The correct answer is B) Line transect sampling. Line transect sampling involves walking along a predetermined line or transect and recording the presence or signs of bird species at specified distances or intervals. This technique is commonly used to estimate bird density or abundance along a linear path, providing valuable information on the distribution and habitat preferences of bird species.
Question 3:
Which of the following sampling techniques is used to estimate population size or abundance of animals in a specific area?
Explanation: The correct answer is D) Capture-mark-recapture. Capture-mark-recapture is a technique used to estimate population size or abundance of animals. It involves capturing a sample of individuals, marking them in a way that does not harm or hinder their survival or behavior, releasing them back into the population, and then recapturing additional individuals at a later time. The number of marked individuals in the recapture sample is used to estimate the total population size or abundance.
Question 4:
Which of the following sampling techniques is used to study the presence and abundance of organisms at specific points or locations?
Explanation: The correct answer is C) Point transect sampling. Point transect sampling involves placing sample points at predetermined locations and recording the presence or abundance of organisms within a specified radius or distance from the point. This method is particularly useful for studying organisms that are relatively immobile or have localized distributions, such as plants or sessile animals.
Question 5:
Which of the following sampling techniques is commonly used to collect small organisms living in soil or leaf litter?
Explanation: The correct answer is D) Pitfall trapping. Pitfall trapping involves setting up containers or traps dug into the ground, typically with a cover and a funnel-shaped entrance. Small organisms such as insects, spiders, and other arthropods that move across the soil or leaf litter surface can fall into the trap. This technique allows for the collection and study of these organisms, providing valuable insights into the biodiversity and community structure of soil-dwelling organisms.
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