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Question 1:

Wave-particle duality implies that:

A) Particles can behave as waves and vice versa
B) Particles can exist in multiple places simultaneously
C) Particles can change their properties based on observation
D) Particles can exceed the speed of light

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Particles can behave as waves and vice versa. Wave-particle duality suggests that particles, such as electrons and photons, can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior. They can exhibit interference and diffraction patterns characteristic of waves, as well as localized interactions characteristic of particles.

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Question 2:

The significance of wave-particle duality is that it:

A) Challenges classical notions of determinism
B) Allows for precise predictions of particle behavior
C) Explains the behavior of electromagnetic waves
D) Validates the existence of parallel universes

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Challenges classical notions of determinism. Wave-particle duality challenges classical determinism, which assumes that the behavior of objects can be determined with absolute certainty. Instead, at the quantum level, the behavior of particles is described by probability distributions and uncertainties, indicating the limitations of our classical understanding of causality and determinism.

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Question 3:

Wave-particle duality is a fundamental principle of:

A) Classical mechanics
B) General relativity
C) Quantum mechanics
D) Thermodynamics

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) Quantum mechanics. Wave-particle duality is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics, which is the branch of physics that describes the behavior of matter and energy at the smallest scales. Quantum mechanics provides a mathematical framework to understand and predict the wave-particle duality exhibited by particles.

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Question 4:

Wave-particle duality has been experimentally verified for:

A) Electrons only
B) Photons only
C) Both electrons and photons
D) Neither electrons nor photons

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) Both electrons and photons. Wave-particle duality has been experimentally verified for both electrons and photons, as well as other particles such as neutrons and atoms. These experiments, including double-slit experiments and electron diffraction experiments, provide evidence for the wave-like and particle-like properties of these particles.

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Question 5:

The wave-particle duality of particles is described by:

A) Schrödinger's equation
B) Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
C) Planck's constant
D) Bohr's atomic model

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Explanation: The correct answer is B) Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, formulated by Werner Heisenberg, is a fundamental principle in quantum mechanics. It states that there are inherent limitations to simultaneously knowing the precise position and momentum of a particle. The uncertainty principle is a consequence of the wave-particle duality and the wave-like nature of particles.