Question 1:
What is the main principle behind capillary electrophoresis?
Explanation: The correct answer is B) Separation based on charge. The main principle behind capillary electrophoresis is the separation of charged analytes based on their charge-to-mass ratio. The analytes are propelled through a capillary filled with an electrolyte solution, and their migration is influenced by their charge and the applied electric field, allowing for their separation.
Question 2:
What is the role of the capillary in capillary electrophoresis?
Explanation: The correct answer is D) Providing a narrow separation channel. The capillary in capillary electrophoresis serves as a narrow separation channel for the analytes. It is typically a fused silica capillary with a small internal diameter, allowing for efficient and high-resolution separation of analytes under the influence of the applied electric field.
Question 3:
Which type of buffer is commonly used in capillary electrophoresis?
Explanation: The correct answer is D) Electrolyte buffer. In capillary electrophoresis, an electrolyte buffer is commonly used to provide the necessary ions for the migration and separation of analytes. The electrolyte buffer contains specific ionic species that help establish the desired pH and ionic strength to optimize the separation conditions.
Question 4:
What is the detection method commonly used in capillary electrophoresis?
Explanation: The correct answer is B) Fluorescence detection. Fluorescence detection is commonly used in capillary electrophoresis to detect and quantify analytes. It involves labeling the analytes with fluorescent dyes or using inherent fluorescence properties of the analytes. The separated analytes are detected by measuring the fluorescence emitted upon excitation by a light source.
Question 5:
Which factors influence the migration rate of analytes in capillary electrophoresis?
Explanation: The correct answer is C) Analyte concentration and voltage. The migration rate of analytes in capillary electrophoresis is influenced by both analyte concentration and the applied voltage. Higher analyte concentrations can lead to slower migration due to analyte-analyte interactions or band broadening, while higher voltages generally result in faster migration. Adjusting these factors can optimize separation conditions and migration times.
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