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Question 1:

What is the basic principle of centrifugal separation?

A) Gravity separation
B) Magnetic separation
C) Density separation
D) Rotation-induced separation

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Explanation: The correct answer is D) Rotation-induced separation. The basic principle of centrifugal separation is to subject a mixture to a high-speed rotation, creating a centrifugal force that causes the components of the mixture to separate based on their densities.

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Question 2:

What type of centrifugal separation is commonly used in the laboratory to separate particles from a liquid mixture?

A) Differential centrifugation
B) Sedimentation centrifugation
C) Density gradient centrifugation
D) Ultracentrifugation

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Explanation: The correct answer is B) Sedimentation centrifugation. Sedimentation centrifugation is commonly used in the laboratory to separate particles from a liquid mixture based on their sedimentation rates under centrifugal force.

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Question 3:

Which factor affects the separation efficiency in centrifugal separation?

A) Sample volume
B) Centrifugal speed
C) Sample temperature
D) Particle size

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Explanation: The correct answer is B) Centrifugal speed. The centrifugal speed or the rotational speed of the centrifuge is a critical factor that affects the separation efficiency in centrifugal separation. Higher centrifugal speeds lead to stronger centrifugal forces and better separation.

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Question 4:

Which type of centrifugal separation is used to separate molecules or particles based on their buoyant density?

A) Differential centrifugation
B) Sedimentation centrifugation
C) Density gradient centrifugation
D) Ultracentrifugation

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Explanation: The correct answer is C) Density gradient centrifugation. Density gradient centrifugation is used to separate molecules or particles based on their buoyant density. A density gradient is created in the centrifuge tube, and components move to different positions in the gradient based on their buoyant densities.

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Question 5:

Which component of a centrifuge is responsible for generating the centrifugal force?

A) Rotor
B) Stator
C) Drive motor
D) Sample holder

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Explanation: The correct answer is A) Rotor. The rotor of a centrifuge is responsible for generating the centrifugal force. It rotates at high speeds, creating a centrifugal field that separates the components of a mixture based on their densities.